In photo Reuters in solid-state lighting research and development symposium US Department of Energy November 8 of the (2017 DOE SSL Technology R & D Workshop) , Dr. Gena Glickman from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) biorhythm Research Center (CCB) with With the latest research results, new lighting countermeasures have been proposed for the circadian rhythm cycle of shift work.
background
As the population currently working in shifts in the United States has reached 15 million people, the risk of working at night and the cost of health will increase. According to statistics, the additional health costs will reach an annual average of 200 billion US dollars.
The hazards of shift work:
Physiological rhythm disorder
2. Sleep time disorder
3. Unusual long-term lighting at night
As shown in Figure 1, the leftmost side is the normal circadian rhythm cycle. The free state of melatonin (mainly helping sleep) begins to secrete and promote sleep at night. The body temperature begins to fall at night and begins to rise after waking in the morning. Cortisol (for the body Material metabolism, immune function and the physiological functions of various organs play an important role in reaching the highest peak in the morning.
For the delay of sleep or circadian rhythm cycle, the secretion of melatonin will be relatively delayed, the irregular temperature changes and the secretion of cortisol will also have problems. As a result, the circadian rhythm cycle begins to appear disordered (the middle of Figure 1 is delayed sleep, and the right side is circadian rhythm disorder).
Lighting factors for regulating circadian rhythms
Generally speaking, the factors affecting lighting include:
Timing, intensity, wavelength, duration, continuous/intermittent, direction, and context.
New countermeasures for lighting in shift system
First, the researchers used two methods for real-time evaluation of sleep effects: the Karolinska sleep scale table (KSS) and the psychomotor alert practice method (PVT).
Referring to Figure 4, the normal resting KSS and PVT are in a relatively stable range, and the latter sleep deprivation stage, KSS and PVT will rise one after another, and begin to produce sleepiness.
As shown in Figure 7, the researchers first used the BIOS Skyblue light source to improve the concentration of the work in the subjective whiteness of the shift staff, and then used the reminder light source that excluded the blue wavelength to remind the staff during the working hours of the shift work. To ensure normal work, at the end of the shift, the staff needs to isolate the blue light and maintain the state of the eye mask during sleep to ensure the quality of sleep.
New lighting countermeasures
Safety of the circadian rhythm cycle: A precisely timed light source design is used to alert the light source to the blue portion and alert the person when the sleep time is approaching.
Safe Reminder Light Source: Remind the light source to work only when the KSS is greater than 6 or when the reaction time of the person in the PVT test increases (when the person is in a sleepy situation).
Minimize light protection during shift breaks: Use a blackout + eye protection design for rest.
Editor: Yan Zhixiang
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