First, let's take a look at the classification of chips:
In daily life, we can find the types of chips such as communication chips, artificial intelligence chips, LED chips, computer chips, and so on.
The chip's industrial chain is this:
According to the industrial chain, the core links from design to delivery of the chip mainly include six parts:
(1) Design software, chip design software is a key tool for the chip company to design the chip structure. At present, the structural design of the chip mainly depends on EDA (Electronic Design Automation) software to complete;
(2) The instruction set system, from the technical point of view, the CPU is only a high degree of aggregation of millions of small switches, there is no efficient instruction set system, the chip can not run the operating system and software;
(3) Chip design, which mainly connects the interfaces of electronic products and services;
(4) Manufacturing equipment, ie equipment for producing chips;
(5) Wafer foundry, wafer factory is the chip from the drawings to the production of the production plant, which determines the chip used in nano-technology and other performance indicators;
(6) Package testing is the last link before the chip enters sales. The main purpose is to ensure the quality of the product and the technical requirements are relatively low.
On the whole, China's chip industry has a very weak position in most of the technical barriers in the instruction set, design, and other industrial sectors, and there is a big gap between the European and American chip industry companies, and in wafer manufacturing, packaging and testing, etc. With relatively low technical requirements, China, with its labor advantage, is expected to take the lead and rise to become an area that hopefully catches up with the world average.
Domestic chip industry chain and major manufacturers combed:
What are the leading chip subdivision areas?
Leading domestic memory chip design is Zhaoyi Innovation;
Domestic GPU leader is Jing Jiawei;
Yangjie technology is the leader of China's semiconductor discrete devices;
SMIC is the leading fab foundry in China;
Sanan Optoelectronics is the global LED chip leader;
Silan Micro is a domestic IDM quality company;
North China Chuang is the leading domestic semiconductor equipment;
PureTech is the only supplier of high purity process system integration for A shares;
Jingrui is a leading domestic microelectronics chemical company.
Zhongke Shuguang is a leading high-performance computing company in China.
Ziguang Guoxin is a listed company in the semiconductor industry of Ziguang Group. It is currently the leading supplier of integrated circuit chip design and system integration solutions in China.
Beijing Jun is a leader in embedded processor chips;
Zhongying Electronics is a high-quality IC design company in China;
Huiding Technology is a global leader in biometric chips;
Changjiang Electronics Technology Co., Ltd. is the leader in domestic semiconductor packaging and testing;
In addition to the above sub-divisional field leaders worth further study, we can also pay attention to the investment targets of the National Integrated Circuit Industry Fund (abbreviated as "the big fund") in the past few years.
Everbright Securities has compiled the "big funds" investment targets. As of January 19, 2018, the major funds have become shareholders of more than 50 companies and involve 18 A-share companies and 3 Hong Kong stock companies. 200 billion yuan.
The following is a review of some of the better A-share chip companies
Zhao Yi innovation: domestic storage leader
As a domestic storage leader, Siu Yi Innovation ranked among the top three in the global Nor Flash market. With the exit of Japan and the United States, the market share continues to increase; the storage price keeps rising and the company's profitability is dazzling.
The company builds the IDM storage industry chain. In October 2017, the company and Hefei Industrial Investment Holdings (Group) Co., Ltd. signed a cooperation agreement on memory R&D, and cooperated in the development of a 12-inch wafer memory (including DRAM, etc.) R&D project with 19nm memory process, namely Hefei Changxin, Currently, research and development are progressing smoothly.
Jiang Feng Electronics: Domestic Target Faucet
Ultra-high-purity metals and sputtering targets are among the key materials for the production of ultra-large-scale integrated circuits. The company's ultra-high-purity metal sputtering target products have been applied to the most advanced manufacturing processes of world-famous semiconductor manufacturers at the 16-nanometer technology node. The realization of volume supply successfully broke the monopoly structure of multinationals in the United States and Japan, and also met the mass production requirements of domestic manufacturers' 28-nanometer technology nodes, filling the gap in China's electronic materials industry.
The company cooperated with the US Jiabo CMP project and obtained the first domestic CMP polishing pad order in November 2017.
North China Creation: domestic equipment leader
As a leader in equipment, Beihua has deeply benefited from the expansion of the wafer fab. The company's business covers multiple areas such as integrated circuits, LEDs, and photovoltaics, and a number of devices have entered the 14-nm manufacturing process.
The company's product lines cover the seven core categories of Etching Machine, PVD, CVD, Oxidation Furnace, Washing Machine, Diffusion Oven, and MFC, and the downstream customers are mainly domestic first-line fabs such as SMIC, Changjiang Storage, and Huali Microelectronics. .
Ziguang Guoxin: Storage Design + FPGA
The company is the leader in domestic memory chip design. The company's layout includes the acquisition of 51% equity of Xi'an Huaxin held by Shandong Huaxin, and the total shareholding increased to 76%, achieving the goal of becoming the first echelon of domestic storage design. At present, the company's newly developed DDR4 products are being verified and optimized. The company recently started to force FPGAs.
High German infrared: infrared chip leader
As the only domestic manufacturer who has mastered the second-class superlattice focal plane detector technology, Gaode Infrared has successfully developed its engineering products, which means that it has achieved new breakthroughs in the blank areas such as optoelectronic “anti-missile†and “anti-warheadâ€. At the same time, the promotion and application of high-volume, low-cost core devices in the civilian field have also established the competitive position of China-made infrared chips in the infrared industry at home and abroad.
Shanghai Securities Information Co., Ltd. learned that in 2017, the company’s military orders were partially delayed due to the impact of the military reform, and the latest news is that the delayed orders will be resumed without affecting the new procurement plan for 2018.
Huatai Securities believes that the vertical division of labor has become the development direction of the semiconductor industry business model. Mainly the following three parts: design, manufacturing, and testing. Revenues accounted for approximately 27%, 51% and 22% of the overall sales income of the industry chain.
Chip Design Company
The top 10 in China were Huawei Hass, Tsinghua Unisplendour, ZTE Microelectronics, Huada Semiconductor, Zhixin Microelectronics, Huiding Technology, Silan Microelectronics, Datang Semiconductor, Duntai Technology and China Star Microelectronics.
Important company:
First place: Hass
There are a large number of Hass processor and HiSilicon chips in the Huawei mobile phones used by everyone. In addition, the smart TVs and the Hass chips are included in the security system. Hass will be the largest chip design company in China for a long time. It will increase with the growth of Huawei Group. The world's first Qualcomm, with revenue of 15.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2016, is 3.5 times that of Hass.
Second place: Ziguang Zengrui
Spreadtrum, which was established after the merger of RDA, is currently the largest supplier of Samsung mobile phone processors and baseband chips in addition to its own products. The Samsung mobile phones you buy are mainly mid-to-low-end series, and the chips inside are bright and bright.
Third place: ZTE Microelectronics
It is mainly part of the chip used in its own communications equipment, and the mobile phone chip is still outsourced.
Fourth place: Huada Semiconductor
It is a group company established by China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd. (CEC) to integrate its integrated circuit companies. It has a large share in smart cards and security chips, smart card applications, analog circuits, and new types of displays. At present, Huada Semiconductor has three listed companies, including A-share Shanghai Belling and Hong Kong Stock Company CLP Holdings and Solomon Technology.
Fifth Place: Chip Core Microelectronics
It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the State Grid Information Industry Group, covering three major business directions: chip sensing, communications control, and energy saving, and is committed to becoming a provider of high-end products, technologies, services, and total solutions that are based on smart chips.
Sixth: Huiding Technology
Is a listed company, the company has already achieved the second in the world in the field of fingerprint recognition chips, and is second only to AuthenTec, which provides fingerprint identification chips to Apple.
Seventh place: Silan Microelectronics
The LED lighting driver IC is one of its main business revenues, and it also provides home appliance companies with variable frequency motor control chips.
Eighth: Datang Semiconductor
The industry layout is based on smart terminal chips, smart security chips, and automotive electronics chips.
9th: Duntai Technology
Founded in the United States in 2005, it is dedicated to the R&D of human-machine interface solutions, providing the most competitive capacitive touch screen chip, TFT LCD display driver chip, and touch display integrated single chip (supporting embedded type) for mobile electronic devices. Panel IDC), fingerprint identification chip and pressure touch chip.
Tenth place: China Star Microelectronics
Occupy more than 60% of the global computer image input chip market share. In 2005, Vimicro was successfully listed on the Nasdaq stock market in the United States. In early 2016, Vimicro launched the world's first SVAC video codec SoC integrated with a NPU, enabling intelligent analysis results to be concurrent with video data. Coding to form a structured video stream. This technology is widely used in video surveillance cameras, opening a new era of intelligent security monitoring.
Key listed companies include: Ziguang Guoxin, Zhaoyi Innovation (memory), Huiding Technology, Silan Microelectronics (IDM), Datang Telecom, Quanzhi Technology, Zhongying Electronics (home appliance MCU, lithium battery, etc.), Beijing Junzheng, Aipike, Fu Wei and so on.
Chip manufacturing
The semiconductor industry is similar to the panel industry in terms of assets and technology-intensive industries. It has a large demand for equipment, high technological content, and high added value. The single-plant investment is on the order of 10 billion. The data shows that a most advanced 12-inch wafer production line needs to invest about 45 billion yuan, and TSMC's 3-nanometer factory investment is expected to be 20 billion US dollars. Key listed companies include SMIC and Hua Hong Semiconductor.
Memory chip area
At present, the three major memory manufacturers in China are in an intense construction phase. It is expected that the first half of 2018 will enter the equipment installation stage one after another. A new round of equipment commissioning and installation will be staged.
Yangtze River Storage: In March 2016, a national storage base with a total investment of approximately RMB 160 billion was launched in Wuhan. Four months later, the “Yangtze River Storage†Group was formally established and Ziguang Group participated in the second phase of the Yangtze River’s storage. According to Wuhan Xinxin, the registered capital of Changjiang River Storage is invested in two phases. The first phase was jointly funded by the National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund, Hubei Guoji Industrial Investment Fund and Wuhan Xinxin Technology Co., Ltd. Hubei Science and Technology Investment Group, and was established on the basis of Wuhan Xinxin Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (“Wuhan Xinxinâ€). Yangtze River storage. The second phase will be jointly funded by the Ziguang Group and the National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund. Changjiang Storage will use chip manufacturing as a breakthrough to integrate memory product design, technology research and development, wafer production and testing, and sales. It is expected that by 2020, it will have a monthly production capacity of 300,000 wafers, and by 2030 it will build 1 million yuan per month. Tablet capacity.
Jinhua's memory IC production project is located in the integrated circuit industrial park in Jinjiang, Quanzhou. It is jointly invested by the Fujian Electronic Information Group and the governments of Quanzhou and Jinjiang. The total planned area is 594 mu, and the first phase investment is 37 billion yuan. Including wafer manufacturing, industrial chain support, etc., it is expected to form a production scale of 60,000 12-inch advanced process memory wafers per month in September 2018. After the project is completed, it will fill the gap in China's mainstream memory. It is reported that as a key DRAM memory production project supported by the state, the Jinhua project has been included in the National 13th Five-Year Plan for Major Productivity Planning of Integrated Circuits and has been supported by the National Special Construction Fund.
Hefei Changxin: It is a storage project jointly developed by Beijing GigaDevice and the Hefei Municipal Government. It invested US$7.2 billion (approximately NT$216.646 billion) to build a 12-inch wafer fab to develop DRAM products. After the future is completed, the maximum monthly production is expected to reach 125,000 units.
Packaging and testing
Key listed companies include: Changjiang Electronics Technology (leading), Huatian Technology (outstanding financial indicators), Tongfu Microelectronics, Taiji Industry (DRAM packaging and testing, clean room), and deep science and technology.
Integrated circuit equipment
Only four companies in China are among the largest wafer manufacturing equipment manufacturers in the world, accounting for 7% of the total: according to the report of the global wafer manufacturing equipment manufacturers released by Gartner, the statistical scope of a total of 58 equipment companies, China only accounted for 4 Xi, respectively, North Huachuang, China Microelectronics, Seminye Semiconductor and Mattson (in 2016 was Yizhuang SDIC acquisition), the other are located in Japan 21, the European Union 13, the United States 10, South Korea 7, Israel 3.
Key listed companies include: high-end IC process equipment leading North Huachuang, leading company in detection equipment, Changchuan Technology (covering all areas of manufacturing and packaging), high-purity process leader to pure technology (lithography, etching, etc., all of which will be used Chemicals and specialty gases have high requirements for purity, pure science and technology are the control of the purity of gases, and single-crystal equipment leading crystal Sheng electrical and so on.
Semiconductor material
China's semiconductor manufacturing materials industry continues to grow. In 2016, the sales income of China's semiconductor material companies was 25.6 billion yuan. It is expected that China will become the third largest market in the world after 2018. The localization of the material supply chain is not only conducive to the control of production costs, the rapid and timely response of services, and the safe and controllable technology, but also brings more benefits of industrial synergy.
The listed companies are: With the continuous breakthrough of reagent purification and transportation technology, wet electronic chemicals are relatively sure in the short-term, it is recommended to focus on the domestic leading crystal Rui shares, Jianghuawei; target is the first domestic semiconductor materials hit In the sub-sector of the semiconductor core industrial chain, it is recommended to focus on the domestic target leader, Jiangfeng Electronics; large-size silicon wafers are also a relatively definite field in the future, and it is recommended to pay attention to Shanghai Xinyang, a pioneer company that is already in the trial production certification stage. In addition, Dinglong shares in the field of photoresists, such as Nanda Optoelectronics and CMP polishing pads, are expected to take the lead in technological breakthroughs and realize import substitution as soon as possible.
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