A summary of the three elements that affect the lighting effects of a building's nightscape: For a building, nightscape lighting can express the characteristics of the building, highlight the image of the building, and increase the artistic sense of the building; for the city, it can be displayed at night. The beauty and culture of the city provide a bright environment for the society. The article analyzes the three elements that affect the lighting effects of buildings at night, and pays attention to the choice of night lighting performance techniques under different environmental conditions. Key words: architectural night lighting; performance techniques; illumination level; color application; 1. Element 1: Performance techniques In recent years, with the development of urban infrastructure construction in China, the important role of night lighting has made it a modern urban culture. the part that can not be lost. As a combination of art and technology, night lighting has inherent laws. Only by fully understanding these laws can we use the expressions reasonably and create satisfactory results. According to different needs, night lighting should adopt different expression techniques. 1.1 Function of Buildings For buildings with different functions, when designing their night lighting, different colors and colors should be treated differently. For example, the design of the dance hall can be bright and colorful, making it more attractive to stimulate consumers' desire for shopping and entertainment. For office buildings and monumental buildings of government agencies, attention should be paid to the solemn atmosphere, solemn color and elegant style. 1.2 The outline lighting design of a building is different from painting, but lighting design and painting have similarities in some aspects. Some techniques in painting are worthy of reference in night lighting design. Traditional Western paintings pay attention to photo, while Chinese paintings focus on freehand brushwork, sometimes with heavy paintings, sometimes understatement, and good at grasping the most prominent features of things to describe, and a few strokes can be vivid. Therefore, in night lighting, the lighting performance of each detail of the building should be chosen. Which part of the building should be strengthened, which part should be weakened or not displayed at all, and the angle from which the light should be projected depends on Designer's awareness. Important building parts are usually focused on lighting, and minor parts are used as backgrounds and foils in lighting. The changes in light and shadow should be fully utilized to make the lighting effect clear and distinct. If the outline of the building is relatively rich, fluorescent lamps, optical fibers, LEDs, etc. can be continuously arranged along the outline of the building, but simple outline lighting is disadvantageous for expressing the three-dimensionality of the building. Therefore, sometimes the use of floodlighting methods to express the main features of the building may be more effective, and the combination of contour lighting and floodlighting. 1.3 The style of the building The style of the East and West buildings is different. When expressing its artistic characteristics, it is not advisable to make a hard copy. Roofs, cornices, arches, beams and columns, doors and windows, paintings and verandas are an important part of the overall image of a building. Illuminating it to show the complete and beautiful shape of the building. For example, the treasures and heavy plaques of ancient Chinese architecture, the spires and arches of Western architecture are the essence of architecture and should be specially illuminated. Please refer to the following methods. (1) illuminate the luminaire at a distance, while illuminating the façade and the roof; (2) illuminating the roof with a narrow beam of light at a close distance using adjacent buildings; (3) setting up small luminaires on the roof. In addition, the pillars are also a very attractive part of the East and West buildings. In the night lighting, the following two methods are used to highlight the artistic atmosphere of the colonnade. (1) Illuminate the background to reveal the outline of the pillar. The background effect is compared with the column, but this method often leads to too much contrast between the background and the column, and sometimes needs to fill light to reduce the contrast between the column and the background, and increase the stereoscopic effect. (2) Each column is illuminated by the lamp from the front, and the column is displayed on a relatively dark background. When using this method, the lamp and the light source are hidden, and the buried lamp can be installed. In any case, hide the fixture as much as possible. Do not place the luminaire on the facade of the building unless it is difficult to attract the attention of the observer at a location where the luminaire or luminaire can be hidden. 1.4 Surface material of the building The surface materials, materials and colors of the exterior decoration of the building are different, and the expression method of the night lighting will also be affected. The reason why we can see the colorful night lighting is the result of the diffuse light from the building surface material coming into our eyes. The more diffuse light shines into our pupils, the brighter we feel about night lighting, and vice versa. For buildings with large glass walls or glazing, the method of internal light transmission is more suitable. This is a way to use night lighting for indoor lighting, or it can be combined with outdoor floodlighting. Table 1 lists the data of diffuse reflectance, specular reflectance, transmittance, and refractive index of some glass surfaces and surface of high molecular organic materials, and is for reference only. 1.5 Environmental use favorable environmental conditions can enhance the performance of building night lighting. If there are obstacles around the building, it may block the light from the luminaire, but it can also hide the luminaire. For example, the lamps are arranged behind the trees and the green belts of the grass, so that the lamps can be hidden to make the environment neat and beautiful, and the light background contours behind the trees and grass can be highlighted, thereby enhancing people's perception of the depth of light. When designing a building's night lighting scheme, if there is water near the building, such as lakes, rivers, etc., it can be fully utilized. At this point, the reflection of the illuminated building in the water seems interesting. However, at this time, the following points should be noted when arranging the luminaire: (1) The projected light should not be in contact with the water surface, and the water surface should be kept absolutely dark to avoid the specular reflection effect of the water surface; (2) The water surface should be relatively calm and the water flow is too fast. The water surface is not conducive to a clear outline of the building; (3) The water surface must be clean, otherwise the reflected light will be weakened and the shape of the reflected building will be changed.
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