5G development is no longer a communication thing, he has become a global trend. Half a month ago, China's IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group announced that it completed part of the second phase of testing. Intel as a participant completed end-to-end interoperability testing between 5G low-band 3.5GHz hetero-vendors. However, every country is developing 5G communications, but their focus is different.
Recently, Sina Technology interviewed Robert J. Topol, General Manager of Intel Communications and Devices Division, to see how the deployment of 5G in different countries is different in the eyes of this American.
Robert J. Topol, General Manager, Intel Communications and Devices
“I expect that in China, the fastest 5G network will be seen by network operators in 2019.†Rob Topol believes that Chinese officials are promoting 5G development and divide it into three phases: key technology verification and technology. Program verification and system verification, some of the second phase of the test has been completed, and the third phase of the test will be launched in early 2018.
In addition to the official timetable, vendors also have timelines for deployment. This depends mainly on two aspects: the readiness of the IT infrastructure provider and the client. "The two must be complete before they can deploy the 5G network." He believes that by 2020, these infrastructure providers will be basically ready to complete. At the same time, the chip level designed based on the new standard can also support 5G networks.
As we all know, Intel has cooperated with telecom operators in many countries, and it has differentiated in 5G deployment. Rob Topol said that the priorities of operators in different countries are broadly divided into three categories:
1. Operators in some countries attach importance to the improvement of existing business operations. “These will pay more attention to mobile applications based on 5G networks, that is, applications of handheld devices and smart phonesâ€;
2, operators in some countries attach importance to broadening the types of services, "hope that 5G supports more industries, such as smart homes, drones or other mobile applications";
3. Operators in some countries attach importance to growth. “We hope to expand its network through 5G, so the focus is on building the network, reducing costs, and expanding.â€
Rob Topol believes that the priorities of the various operators are different, which leads to differentiation. In addition, there are differences in the network bands of operators. Some countries can only obtain lower bandwidth or medium bandwidth, which can achieve better coverage. In other countries, only millimeter waves are currently available, so the focus will be on high-bandwidth 5G networks.
"The main spectrum in the United States is at 20G Hz and millimeter waves," Rob Topol said. Previously, US carriers have been working on fixed wireless applications, mainly to replace fiber optics. They have only recently been involved in millimeter waves for mobile networks, that is, anywhere. Both can receive 5G signals. "It takes a long time and it is more difficult."
In fact, in addition to different priorities, operators in various countries are also vying for the 5G spectrum.
According to foreign media reports, Irish operators reserve 5G spectrum in the form of spectrum auctions. Among them, Vodafone has purchased the most 5G spectrum: the €25.80 million acquisition of the 85MHz spectrum for 5G networks in rural and remote areas, and the 105MHz spectrum for 5G networks in urban areas.
The United States stocks 5G spectrum in the form of corporate mergers and acquisitions. For example, the unlimited company Verizon itself has a large amount of spectrum resources in the 28GHz band. After acquiring other companies, Verizon holds the total spectrum resources of the 39GHz band, which is 12 times the total spectrum resources of other network operators in the US. .
Research shows that by 2019, mobile operators will have revenues of $851 million on 5G communication services, and will maintain a growth rate of 161% per year in the future. By 2025, 66% of 5G service revenue will come from operators in North America, the Middle East and China.
The following are some of the interviews:
Sina Technology: Intel has cooperation with operators at home and abroad. What are the differences between these operators?
Rob Topol: There are some differences between operators. This is because the targets of the operators on the 5G network are not the same. Some of the operators' focus is on the operation of existing business upgrades, so the other party is more concerned about some mobile applications based on 5G networks, that is, handheld devices and smart phones. Other operators are concerned about how to broaden the range of services that he sells and delivers to customers, whether enterprise or consumer. It wants to support more industries, such as smart homes, drones or other mobile applications. There is also an operator who focuses on growth. He hopes to expand its network through 5G networks, so his focus is to build networks, reduce costs, and expand through the implementation of 5G networks. This is the most efficient way. So I think the difference is not at home or abroad, but because the priorities of each operator are different. Your focus is on the emergence of new applications or improving the quality of existing services.
In addition, this also depends on the network band of each operator. In some countries they can only get lower bandwidth or medium bandwidth, but he can achieve better coverage. In other countries, they are currently only able to obtain millimeter waves, so the focus is on high-bandwidth 5G networks.
Sina Technology: Can you introduce the situation or commercial situation of the US in the 5G test network?
Rob Topol: About commercial deployment of 5G networks in the United States. The main spectrum in the United States is at 20G Hz and millimeter waves. Current experiments are focused on the above spectrum. Some early deployments and some commercial efforts have been placed on fixed wireless applications such as point-to-point wireless applications. This is mainly to replace the fiber or to extend to the current fiber-optic network, which is the focus of current deployment and testing. The second step, which is just beginning to do is to use millimeter waves for mobile networks. It may be more difficult in this respect, so it takes longer. I predict that the earliest commercial deployment in the United States will be on fixed-connected applications. It will then be pushed to the mobile network, which means that our mobile phone can receive signals regardless of where it is moved.
Sina Technology: How did Intel predict the 5G business schedule?
Rob Topol: Now Intel's main focus is on interoperability testing with many IT architecture vendors and network operators on 5G networks. This is the first step because we need to ensure that our systems are capable of certain specifications. This interoperability has been done on top of each other and has progressed very well. In the next step to 2018, once the standard is available, we will conduct a large number of tests based on the standard. After these interoperability tests have been successful, operators often face two choices, one is the non-independent networking (NSA-NR), and the other is the independent networking (SA-NR). The standard introduced in December this year is equivalent to the NSA. Some of its functions are implemented on the LTE network, and other layers are based on the 5G network, so to a certain extent it depends on the existing LTE network. The SA is completely independent of the 5G network, and there is no mutual dependence between the LTE and the LTE network. All functions and controls are performed on the 5G network. I believe that these two networks will advance at the same time in the future. As far as China is concerned, in Shanghai, for example, the number of base stations may exceed the number of base stations in a country in Europe. The density of base stations will affect which technology you adopt and the timetable for launching. For example, in some cases, you I think I don't have such a large number of existing base stations at present, so I can build 5G for independent networking, because I don't need to rely on existing LTE. If there is very strong network coverage now, you may be more willing to go. Superimpose a 5G network on it, so you may be more willing to adopt a non-independent networking method in this case, which will affect the timetable.
Sina Technology: Do you expect China to provide 5G network when it is the fastest?
Rob Topol: I expect that in China, in about 2019, some 5G networks will be seen by network operators. Most of the services of 5G and 5G networks will not be seen until 2020.
In addition, the timeline for this deployment will depend on the IT infrastructure provider and the client's readiness of the handheld device. Both must be ready to deploy the 5G network, so I think it's possible to base these by 2020. The providers of the architecture should be well prepared to support 5G networks. At the same time, new chip-levels based on new standards will be able to mature to support 5G networks.
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