[Because of the gap in the technology of core components such as reducers and servos, domestic manufacturers often have high dependence on international manufacturers, and the purchase premium is very serious, which directly hampers further breakthroughs in China's industrial robot industry. At present, the problems in industrial robot production capacity are mainly structural problems, lack of high-end capabilities, low-level redundant construction in the low-end field, and blind development]
The Chinese economy is entering a new stage of switching between old and new kinetic energy. The Chinese manufacturing industry, once labeled as a low-profit label, has provided a huge market space for domestic robot companies in the process of transformation and upgrading.
China has become the fastest growing country in industrial robot density. In the latest statistics of the International Federation of Robotics (IFR), China's industrial robot density ranks 23rd in the world, and the government has continued to support it through policy. It is expected to build China into the top ten countries in the world by 2020.
Thanks to the huge domestic market demand, the domestic robot industry has developed rapidly. In 2017, the output of domestic industrial robots reached 131,000 units (the National Bureau of Statistics), an increase of 81%. In 2018, the growth momentum continued. In January and February, the output of domestic industrial robots was 18,770 units, a cumulative increase of 25%.
According to the 2017 annual report, the leading domestic robot companies such as Xinsong Robot, Eston, Xinshida, Tuostar and Huazhong CNC realized operating income of 2.456 billion yuan, 1.079 billion yuan, 3.414 billion yuan, and 764 million yuan respectively. 9.85 billion yuan. Among them, Xinsong Robot has the highest net profit, reaching 448 million yuan and a net profit margin of 18.24%. Subsequently, Xinshida and Tuochengda both broke through 100 million yuan; the fastest-growing company with net profit growth was Huazhong CNC, with a year-on-year growth of 146.80%, followed by Tuostar, which was just listed for one year, with a growth rate of 78.15%.
However, at this stage, domestic listed companies are more dependent on government subsidies.
China Merchants Securities statistics show that in 2016, the government subsidies of Xinsong Robot, Eston, Topstar and Xinshida's four listed companies accounted for 30% of the net profit. The reporter noted that although most of the robot companies achieved rapid growth in 2017, some corporate profits basically came from government subsidies. Under the guidance of national policies, local governments are enthusiastic and their development goals have far exceeded the planning targets at the national level.
From the country to the local, the robot industry is more responsive to future economic goals. Obviously this is one of the reasons why robot companies have received huge government subsidies. Taking Guangdong as an example, the authorized robot manufacturing enterprise of Foshan City, Guangdong Province, subsidized 500,000 yuan; the recognized robot system integration cultivation enterprise subsidized 300,000 yuan; the backbone enterprise that broke the major technical bottleneck of robot body manufacturing, the highest annual subsidy 8 million yuan. The investment in robots in Dongguan accounts for more than 50% of the total investment of the project. The maximum funding for a single project is as high as 6 million yuan.
Statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology show that there are more than 800 enterprises involved in robot production in China, of which more than 200 are robotic body manufacturing enterprises, most of which are mainly assembled and processed, at the low end of the industrial chain, with low industrial concentration and overall scale. small. The survival of these companies is largely related to the various industrial parks and various forms of government subsidies that the government is currently keen to set up.
Price advantage no longer narrows profitsThese "appreciated" robotics companies not only pushed up the bubble of the entire industry, but also lowered the profit rate of the entire industry, thus forming a vicious circle of "bad money to drive out good money."
In the view of Qu Daokui, president of Xinsong Robot, although the industry is hot, domestic robot companies are still on the road.
He told reporters that China's huge market has not spawned China's own robot companies that can compete with the "four big families" of industrial robots (Fanaco, Yaskawa, ABB and KUKA).
At present, the new industrial robots with the largest industrial robot revenue revenue in 2017 have a revenue of only 2.456 billion yuan, which is only 386 million US dollars.
In contrast, the smallest revenue in the "Four Big Family" KUKA's revenue in the robot segment in 2017 also reached $1.2 billion. The combined net profit of FANUC in 2017 has reached 10.5 billion yuan.
The reporter noted that due to the delay in the high-end market, there is a clear trend in the domestic robot industry that the profits of domestic robot companies are narrowing. The reason for this, according to a lot of interviews by reporters, is mainly because the ecology of the low-end of the industrial chain that the domestic robot companies used to occupy the price advantage is quietly changing.
While the core technology has not caught up with the “Four Big Familyâ€, the rapid decline in robot manufacturing costs is threatening the previous foothold of Chinese robotics companies.
It is understood that industrial robots sold an average price of 500,000 yuan 10 years ago. Now the price is the price of the four major family robots between 150,000 and 200,000 yuan. The prices of domestic robots such as Eft and Eston are slightly lower than the four. The average selling price of family-owned and economical pure domestic robot terminals is about 80,000 yuan.
Some insiders told reporters that in the future, with the localization of components such as reducers, the average price of industrial robots will be reduced to less than 50,000 yuan.
The reporter noted that domestic robot companies emphasize their own advantages more from the perspective of "cost-effective".
Zhang Jing, dean of the Double Ring Transmission Machinery Research Institute, told the reporter that the price of the reducer produced by the institute can be reduced by 20% to 30% compared with the foreign imports, taking into account the costs of import tariffs, transportation and production. Obviously, most of the domestic robot companies still focus on assembly and processing, relying on "price-performance ratio" rather than core technology to open the market, at the lower end of the industrial chain.
"2017-2022 China's robot industry development trend and investment decision analysis report" shows that although China's robotics industry's revenue and net profit growth momentum is obvious, but the gross profit margin and net interest rate have been declining in recent years. The gross profit margin fell from 40.89% to 34.53% between 2010 and 2016, while the gross profit margin for the first three quarters of 2017 was 31.65%. The downward trend of net interest rate is more obvious. The net interest rate in the first three quarters of 2017 was only 12.34%, while the net interest rate in 2010 was as high as 23.24%.
Zou Tao, vice president of sales of KUKA Robots (Kunshan) Co., Ltd., told reporters that due to the gap in the technology of core components such as reducers and servos, domestic manufacturers often rely heavily on international manufacturers for procurement. The premium is very serious, which directly hampers the further breakthrough of China's industrial robot industry. The CICC research report believes that the current problems in industrial robot production capacity are mainly structural problems, lack of high-end capabilities, low-level redundant construction in the low-end field, and blind development.
Wang Ruixiang, president of the China Machinery Industry Federation, told reporters that it should be soberly aware that China's robot industry base is still relatively weak, especially the weak independent innovation capability of enterprises and the lack of core technologies, which has become a bottleneck restricting the development of China's robot industry. .
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