Network vulnerabilities have become the most important security issue in the Internet era. With the blockchain fire, some people think that the blockchain will be the best choice for hackers in the future of network security, and reliable transmission on unreliable networks.
2017 is a disastrous year for cybersecurity. From the Yahoo invasion to equifax's fiasco, the personal information of billions of users was leaked. In addition to the previous Apple icloud theft, network vulnerabilities have become a problem we have to face. Are we destined to be victims of network intrusion? Doomed to withstand increasing security risks?
It now appears that blockchain technology can quickly solve most network security problems, and most importantly, blockchain technology is now ready for major upgrades to the Internet security infrastructure.
Reliable transmission over unreliable networksThe blockchain solves the problem of reliable transmission of information on unreliable networks. Since it does not rely on authentication and management with the central node, the risk of data leakage and authentication failure caused by the attack of the central node is prevented. Blockchain is based on its mathematical algorithms and data structures, and has three major characteristics compared to traditional network security protection.
First, the consensus mechanism replaces the central authentication mechanism. The user authentication of the traditional network adopts the central authentication center (CA) mode, and the security of the entire system is completely dependent on the centrally deployed CA certification center and the corresponding internal management personnel. If the CA is attacked, all user data may be stolen or modified. Under the blockchain node consensus mechanism, there is no need for a third-party trust platform, and the written data needs to be recognized by most nodes of the network before being recorded. Therefore, the attacker needs to control at least 51% of the nodes of the entire network to be forged or falsified. Data, which will greatly increase the cost and difficulty of the attack.
Second, the data tampering "one launches the whole body." The blockchain uses a time-stamped chained block structure to store data, adding a time dimension to the data record, with verifiability and traceability. When any one of the information in one of the blocks is changed, the content of all the block data from the block is modified, which greatly increases the difficulty of data tampering.
Third, resist distributed denial of service (DDoS). The nodes of the blockchain are scattered, each node has complete blockchain information, and the data validity of other nodes can be verified, so the DDoS attack against the blockchain will be more difficult to deploy. Even if an attacker breaks a node, the remaining nodes can maintain the entire blockchain system.
The network security domain blockchain has a lot to offerBlockchain technology can be used in the field of network security. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized structure, has been used by foreign companies in the financial, medical, and Internet sectors to improve network security. Specifically, blockchain technology can play a role in managing and protecting user authentication data, improving network data security, effectively preventing DDoS attacks, and enhancing IoT security.
- Manage and protect user authentication data. CertCoin, a virtual currency introduced by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, first adopted a blockchain-based public key infrastructure, abandoning the traditional central authentication method, and using public keys to achieve mutual authentication between distributed nodes, thereby preventing single point of failure of the network. . The Ukrainian company Ukroboronprom, in cooperation with the network security company REMME, has almost completely blocked the possibility of hackers using false authentication messages to obtain user identities by managing user authentication related data on the blockchain.
-- Improve network data security. GuardTIme, the world's largest blockchain company, negotiates distribution nodes to provide confidentiality and integrity of data on the blockchain, enabling the security of 1 million user medical data in Estonia. DARPA, the US Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency, has also begun to use this approach to provide security for military sensitive data.
- Effectively block DDoS attacks. Blockchain startup Nebulis is currently developing a blockchain-based distributed Internet domain name system that allows only authorized users to manage domain names. Other companies such as Blockstack and MaidSafe are also using distributed Web technologies to replace existing third-party management Web servers. And database schemas that prevent network DDoS attacks.
-- Enhance the security of the Internet of Things. Through the smart contract mode, the blockchain can use the network device nodes in the P2P network to authenticate the access devices; on the other hand, it can effectively resist the IoT DDoS attacks. In the outbreak of the Mirai botnet DDos attack in 2016, large-scale IoT devices were invaded, causing most of the US network to collapse. In a blockchain system, when a node is compromised, other devices detect the device exception and list it as an abnormal and untrusted node to exclude it.
Blockchain technology has the security advantages of reliable information interaction, complete data storage, and trusted node authentication. It provides a new security protection idea and mode for network security, transforming traditional network boundary protection into full. The new security protection mode in which network nodes participate, through the distributed node consensus mechanism to resist attacks by malicious nodes, has great application potential in the field of network security. Fortunately, both the government and the enterprise are now paying attention to the value of the blockchain. Perhaps the future blockchain will become an important tool for us to fight against hackers. However, the blockchain technology is not mature enough at this stage, and there are still many security risks and loopholes in the blockchain system. Therefore, in the next application, the research and practice of blockchain supervision and security technology should be strengthened, and the blockchain should be fully utilized. The security advantage of technology.
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